Cervical secretions collected and examined for pre-cancerous cells of the cervix.

Fascia layer connecting bladder to anterior surface of the uterus.

Diseases in all aspects - and especially in structural and functional changes.

Having to do with the lower trunk of the body.

Bacterial infection of the pelvic area, generally an STD.

Having to do with the outside edge or portion of a region or area.

A tumor with a pedicle (a stem which attaches a new growth), commonly found in vascular organs.

A test that measures the amount of urine that remains in the bladder after urinating.

Recurrence of bleeding after the menstrual cycle has ceased.

A female hormone secreted by the ovaries; while affecting secondary sexual characteristics, it also completes the menstrual cycle by stopping the growth of the endometrium; prepares the body for pregnancy.

The falling down or slipping of a body part from its usual position or relations. Pelvic prolapse occurs when the tissues that support the pelvic organs are damaged or stretched, allowing the organ to drop down out of its normal position, causing a bulge. Common types of pelvic prolapse include cystocele, when the bladder is not supported properly; uterine prolapse, when the uterus is not supported properly; and vaginal prolapse, when the vagina is not supported properly.

Days 7-16 of cycle (begins after prior month's shedding has stopped). Estrogen levels rise resulting in growth of the endometrial walls in the uterus.

Precautionary.

A medical term that means"nearest to the point of origin". For example, the proximal portion of the leg is near the hip joint, where it "originates" in the body.

Medical treatments using x-rays or radioactive materials to kill cancerous or diseased tissues.

A method of starting urination, sometimes used by individuals who cannot voluntarily empty their bladders.

Surgical removal of a part of an organ or body part with repair of the cut end, ends or portion.

Hysteroscope designed with capacity to support a device for resecting or ablating tissue within the uterus.

The uterus bends sharply backward (toward the patient's back).

A surgery to reposition, replace or remove your implant.

Vertical planes dividing the body into equal right and left halves.

A fluid composed of salt and water.

Phase of menstrual cycle that occurs in the days after ovulation occurs. Progesterone secretion increases which in turn, stops the growth of endometrium.

Medicine that calms.

Anatomical division of the uterus into multiple cavities.

Serous membrane which coats the outer part of the uterus.

A piece of tissue or synthetic material processed for implantation in the body.

Trademarked system from American Medical Systems for placement of a sling to support the female urethra.

Instrument used to create an opening in the vagina thus providing access to the cervix.

The urinary sphincter controls the flow of urine and is located in the area of the bladder neck and urethra. It opens when the bladder is full and shuts when the bladder is empty.

Narrowing or stricture of a normal opening (i.e. cervical stenosis).

Deposits of calcium and other chemicals that may form in the urine. The deposits are most often passed out of the body in the urine. Occasionally, these deposits may become lodged in the kidneys, ureters, bladder or urine canal and require medical or surgical treatment.

Trademarked system from American Medical Systems for fixation of the vaginal apex to the sacrum for correction of vaginal vault prolapse.

Involuntary loss of urine that occurs during physical activities that create additional abdominal pressure such as coughing, laughing and sneezing.

A test that measures the amount of urine lost when pressure is put on the bladder muscles through common physical activities such as lifting, exercise and coughing.

An abnormal narrowing of a passage in the body.

Lying on the back, facing up.

A tube inserted through the skin and tissue of the lower abdomen into the bladder. A balloon on one end of the catheter holds it in place in the bladder. The tube remains in the bladder and drains constantly, so the bladder is never full. The other end of the catheter tube is attached to a urine collection bag. When this type of catheter is used, it is put in place by a doctor.

A catheter placed through the abdominal wall to drain urine from the bladder without its going through the urethra.

A surgery to replace, reposition or remove an implant.

A special thread used in surgical procedures.

A physical condition or indication of a disease or disorder.